Showing posts with label austria. Show all posts
Showing posts with label austria. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 18, 2021

Israel-Palestine, a new tranch of US arms sales to Israel, the EU, and Turkey

Patricia Zengerle reports on an arms sale to Israel that the Biden-Harris Administration approved in Biden administration approved $735 million arms sale to Israel Reuters 05/18/2021:
Three congressional aides said Congress was officially notified of the intended commercial sale on May 5, as part of the regular review process before major foreign weapons sales agreements can go ahead. ...

Congress was informed of the planned sale in April, as part of the normal informal review process before of the formal notification on May 5. Under U.S. law, the formal notification opens up a 15-day window for Congress to object to the sale, which is not expected despite the ongoing violence. ...

U.S. law allows Congress to object to weapons sales, but it is unlikely to do so in this case. Because Israel is among a handful of countries whose military deals are approved under an expedited process, the typical window for objecting will close before lawmakers can pass a resolution of disapproval, even if they were inclined to. [my emphasis]
I don't see any way that Israel and other governments will not take the fact that this arms sale is proceeding now as a huge endorsement of Israel's current military actions against Palestinians. According to the Reuters timeline, the approval was given before Benjamin Netanyahu initiated the current round of violent confrontations after the failure of his negotiations to form a new government.

If Austria's government flying an Israeli flag at its mains government building was a clear diplomatic signal of approval for Netanyahu's current actions - former Austria President Heinz Fischer did an editorial describing it as an amateurish diplomatic move (Einseitigkeit auf dem Dach des Kanzleramts? 05/17/2021) - the US proceeding with this trance of arms sales will surely be seen by all sides as complete support for Israel's current actions.

As of this report, the civilian deaths were 20-to-1 higher on the Palestinian side (Gaza Flare-up: 212 Gazans Killed in Israeli Strikes, IDF Downs Drone Near Jordan Border Haaretz Wiener Zeitung "Fighting between Israel and Hamas escalated in what has become the heaviest flare-up since the 2014 Gaza War. At least 212 people were killed in the Gaza Strip, and 10 in Israel in the most intensive aerial exchanges in years."

The Biden-Harris Administration is even blocking efforts by the UN Security Council to call on Israel for a cease fire. (Michelle Nichols, U.S. pursues quiet Mideast diplomacy, thwarts U.N. statement Reuters 05/17/2021) Hamas has already called for one.

A lot of the reporting and analysis on the US position has mentioned that the Biden-Harris Administration wants to tilt away from the US focus on the Greater Middle East to the diplomatic-political-military confrontation with China, and so finds the current outburst in Israel-Palestine particularly unwelcome in that regard. Since it's so commonly reported, I assume the White House is promoting that angle on the story. That's also not very encouraging. Because the main message would seem to be, "we don't really care what Netanyahu's government is going with the American aid and arms that the receive."

The EU's foreign ministers are holding a videoconference today to discuss the Israel-Palestine situation. David Hersyenhor and Rym Momtaz give this rundown on current positioning of EU countries (EU divisions over Israel-Palestine leave Brussels powerless as conflict worsens 05/17/2021):
Josep Borrell, the EU’s foreign policy chief, convened the special videoconference of ministers after issuing repeated statements in recent days imploring an end to the rocket fire against Israeli civilians by Hamas, and urging that Israel “act proportionately and avoid civilian casualties.” ...

Among the 27 member countries, Belgium, Ireland, Sweden and Luxembourg are among those most critical of Israel. Countries in Eastern Europe, especially Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria, are among those in strongest support of Israel, though in recent days the flag of Israel has flown prominently over the HQ of Germany’s biggest governing party and official buildings in Austria and the Czech Republic in a show of support. Greece and Cyprus have also grown closer to Israel in recent years, partly because of tensions with Turkey.

France typically seeks to stake out more neutral ground, but President Emmanuel Macron’s office has issued statements in recent days that tilted decidedly toward Israel. The Elysée’s statements “firmly condemned rocket launching claimed by Hamas and other terrorist groups targeting the Israeli territory,” but were vaguer when referencing Israeli bombing.

On that, they said Macron had given his condolences to “the many Palestinian civilian losses resulting from military operations and ongoing clashes with Israel.” Macron also reiterated his “unwavering attachment to Israel’s security and its right to defend itself in line with international law,” but failed to reiterate his support for the rights of Palestinians, or recall the status of Jerusalem under international law, in line with France’s historic position. ...

[M]any diplomats, officials and experts said the EU’s best chance for influence in the Middle East was more likely to come from France, which after Brexit is the EU’s only permanent member of the U.N. Security Council. [my emphasis]
We'll see what comes out of EU diplomacy on this. But if France is the best hope in the EU for influencing a move to a cease fire, and the French President is taking a very public position of supporting Israel's disproportionate attacks against the open-air prison it runs in the Gaza Strip, that doesn't give a lot of cause for optimism.

It's worth noting that Turkey's authoritarian President Tayyip Erdoğan in his typically arrogant style is denouncing Israel's actions and tweaking Israel to do more. (Turkey's Erdogan condemns Western powers for inaction against Israel Reuters 05/17/2021)

How serious he is about doing anything to push the EU on this is very questionable. But Turkey is holding around 3.5 million refugees, mostly from Middle East wars who became refugees in no small part because of previous US policies, based on the EU-Turkey agreement that Germany's Angela Merkel negotiated in 2015. Since European politician have been pretty feckless in developing a decent immigration policy that complies with international law since the refugee crisis of 2015-16, though, Turkey can threaten to send large numbers of refugees to Europe. And, as we saw in 2020, such a threat puts EU leaders into a panic. We'll see what develops.

Monday, May 17, 2021

Austria's Chancellor (literally) flies the Israeli flag

Austrian Chancellor Sebastian ("Basti") Kurz is embattled on several fronts: himself facing an investigation for lying to a formal Parliamentary investigation, his Finance Minister is under fire over an embarrassing refusal to release documents the courts had ordered him to provide as part of larger corruption investigations, Basti getting diplomatic criticism and mocking profiles in the German press for his odd posturing within the EU.

He recently took the odd step of flying the Israeli flag over the Chancellor's office alongside the Austrian flag as a sign of unilateral support for Benjamin Netanyahu's government in its current actions against Palestinians.

Austria is a member of the European Union and is closely aligned with Western countries generally. But it is officially a neutral country that is not a member of any military alliances, not even NATO.

In this context, the Vienna Standard's Florian Niederndorfer interviewed political scientist Heinz Gärtner about this diplomatic gesture on Basti's part. (Politologe über Israels Flagge auf dem Kanzleramt: "Man entwürdigt die palästinensischen Opfer" 16.05.2021):
STANDARD: Darf ein neutrales Land wie Österreich auf seinem wichtigsten Regierungsgebäude die Flagge eines anderen Landes hissen, das sich im Krieg befindet?

Gärtner: Ich halte das in einer Kriegssituation für völlig unangebracht. Eine Sache ist es, die Raketenangriffe der Hamas zu verurteilen, man kann sich deshalb aber nicht völlig hinter die Politik Israels stellen. Das bedeutet zu negieren, dass der Anlass ja die Evakuierung von arabischen Wohnungen in Ostjerusalem war. Dies hat die Palästinenser beunruhigt, was die Hamas dann ausgenutzt hat. Wenn man als Österreich dann Israels Fahne aufhängt, akzeptiert man auch die Kriegshandlungen Israels. Man würdigt damit zwar zu Recht die israelischen Opfer, entwürdigt aber die palästinensischen Opfer. Indirekt akzeptiert man damit schlussendlich auch den Angriff auf das Medienzentrum in Gaza am Samstag, auch wenn man die Fahne vorher schon aufgezogen hat. 
STANDARD: Should a neutral country like Austria hoist the flag of another country at war on its most important government building?
Gärtner: I think that is totally inappropriate in a war situation. One thing is to condemn Hamas' rocket attacks, but we cannot fully support Israel's policy. This means denying that the cause [that set off the current set of conflicts] was the evacuation of Arab homes in East Jerusalem. This has alarmed the Palestinians, which Hamas then exploited. If you then fly Israel's flag as Austria, you also accept Israel's acts of war. It is right to pay tribute to the Israeli victims, but it degrades the Palestinian victims. Indirectly, this also accepts the attack on the media center in Gaza on Saturday, even if the flag had already been lowered beforehand. [my translation and emphasis]
In Austria and other EU countries, the far-right parties and groups can use an Israel-Palestine flareup to promote both anti-Semitic and Islamophobic narratives by condemning both sides as barbaric and worthy only of contempt and hatred.

That's not the exact game Basti is playing with this. As head of the conservative, Christian Democratic People Party (ÖVP), he acknowledges an Austria responsibility in the heritage of the Holocaust. But he has also played hard for the xenophobic and Islamophobic vote. His favorite political posture is as the Savior of Austria against all types of foreigners: refugees, Muslims, Turks, the EU. And one way that the right uses Islamophobia is to say, look, Muslims hate Jews and we hate Muslims, so we can't be anti-Semitic. When Austrian politicians talk about protecting Austria from "imported" anti-Semitism, that is code for "keep Muslims immigrants out."

Part of the complication of the current conflict for the United States is that it is negotiating with Iran in Vienna to rejoin the Iranian nuclear arms control agreement (JCPOA). Iran has a Presidential election on June 18, and the more reasons Iranians perceive to be hostile to the US, the more problems it could raise for the US keeping the JCPOA alive.

Gärtner notes in his interview that although Austria isn't formally involved in the US-Iran negotiations, hosting the talks in Vienna was a good thing illustrating how Austria can play a wider constructive role as a neutral country. He says that flying the Israeli flag "surely weakened" Vienna's position as the potential host of such negotiations in the future. "It is clear that the Iranian Foreign Minister Javad Zarif, who wanted to demonstrate Iran's support for the negotiations in Vienna, cannot go to the Austrian Foreign Ministry when the Israeli flag is flying up," he notes.

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

EU long-term challenges on immigration and refugees (Part 3 of 3): Austrian policy

This third and final part has to do with the approach of the current Austrian "turquoise-green" coalition (Christian Democrats and Greens) headed by Chancellor Sebastian Kurz (ÖVP) to immigration policy.

The official Aus Verantwortung für Österreich.Regierungsprogramm 2020–2024 of the current government has a section on „Migration und Asyl“ ("Migration and Asylum"). The bulk of it is basically a description of routine government processes related to immigration and asylum puffed up to sound like innovative ideas.

But there are also parts that give an idea of the government’s usage of the immigration issue. (All quotes from the program are my translations from German.)
Protection must be primarily provided as close as possible to the region of origin. .
That means: keep refugees so far away from Austria as possible.
This requires sustained contributions to the reduction of the causes of refugees and migration, such as support in countries of origin, in order to create life prospects on the ground.
This is little more than a bad joke. Austria is not going to mount some massive new development aid project for the Middle East and North Africa. Or to push the EU to do so. Nor will Kurz’ government push for the EU to do it. This is not a topic that regularly appears in major publications or news broadcasts.

And since few people know anything about how development projects in Libya, Sudan, Nigeria, Syria, or Iraq would work or what the actual need is, this proposal even in private discussions at the Stammtisch (The German and Austrian equivalent of what American Republicans call "Real Americans" or elsewhere can rarely go beyond the keep-the-foreigner-out version in the Government Program.

In my experience, when Austrians talk about other countries and the word “corruption” comes up, it means “I don’t know anything else about that country.” So without an active political effort by one or more of the political parties to build support for more foreign aid, that statement like that in the Regierungsprogramm also means: keep refugees so far away from Austria as possible.

In my experience, when Austrians talk about other countries and the word “corruption” comes up, it means “I don’t know anything else about that country.” So without an active political effort by one or more of the political parties to build support for more foreign aid, that statement like that in the Government Program also means: keep refugees so far away from Austria as possible.

Or, in other words, the conversation goes like this: “What’s needed is development aid in the home countries.” “Yes, that’s what really needs to happen. But you have to wonder why these countries are in such bad shape.” “Yeah, it’s because they’re so corrupt. The politicians take the money and stick it in their Swiss bank accounts.” “So more aid won’t help them anyway.”

In any case, meaningful development aid for Libya, Syria, and Iraq requires political stability and an end to military conflicts. Austria is also making little effort to promote peace efforts for the EU in that region.

And in Syria, for instance, the situation is grim (Synaps-Syrien-Team, “Überleben in Syrien” Le Monde diplomatique Deutsch Januar 2020):
Syria is in an economic struggle for survival, destroying all hopes of an early recovery. Yes, the government in Damascus has won militarily, but it faces enormous problems on the economic front. The hollowed-out state must increasingly finance itself through bribes and the plundering of its own citizens. It is not even able to provide people with the basic necessities. In this way, the system can stay afloat, but at the same time the basis for an economic new start is undermined. [my translation from German]
From the Government Program:
In addition, an efficient and human rights-compliant EU external border protection must be ensured and smuggling must be effectively combated. In Austria, it is important to ensure fast and high-quality asylum procedures.
The key phrase here is external border, Greece, and Spain with the chief responsibility for refugees from the Middle East and North Africa. That is, So without an active political effort by one or more of the political parties to build support for more foreign aid, that statement like that in the Government Program also means: keep refugees so far away from Austria as possible.

Because the "fast and high-quality asylum procedures" are pretty much meaningless as long as the government can keep refugees so far away from Austria as possible.

The Government Program also says:
In the future, Austria will cleanly separate the issues of flight and migration. This requires a migration strategy for safe, orderly, regular and qualified migration in the interests of Austria and those affected.
Also basically propaganda. This and the further section “Qualified Immigration” make it sound like the only immigrants Austria might need are a few physicians and maybe a computer scientist or two. That’s not at all the case. And that refugees don’t include qualified people, is certainly not the case. The use of “migrants” instead of immigrants or refugees is typical "turquoise" (Christian Democratic ÖVP) and blue (far right FPÖ) vocabulary. The idea is that they are just wandering hordes and obscures the difference between voluntary immigrants and refugees.
Those who are stopped at the EU's external border when they enter illegally will be cared for and returned to their country of origin or transit (or safe third country) in compliance with international law and the Geneva Convention on Refugees.
Austria is not on the external border of the EU, so this is ideological posturing. The part about “in compliance with international law and the Geneva Convention on Refugees“ is fluff. This is already regulated by the international laws cited.

And distributing refugees among EU countries for processing in either routine times or crisis periods like 2015-16? They are against it:
Mechanisms for the distribution of migrants/asylum seekers within the EU have failed. Austria therefore does not take any initiatives towards distribution rules.
The new Interior Karl Nehammer (ÖVP) emphasized the point (Österreich nimmt seine Teilnahme am EU-Umsiedelungsprogramm ("Resettlement") nicht wieder auf. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten 23.01.2020):
"We will report to the EU Commission that we are not taking any people," a spokeswoman for Interior Minister Karl Nehammer (VP) said. As of 2015, Austria had taken in a total of 1900 refugees, all from Syria, through three humanitarian reception programmes. The former turquoise-blue federal government suspended the resettlement program in early 2017. ...

"Resettlement" means that refugees in crisis areas are selected for resettlement by international organisations such as the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Brussels wants to bring a total of more than 30,000 refugees from crisis countries to the EU via resettlement. [my transation from German]
Austria’s new EU Minister Karoline Edtstadler reinforces that position (Edtstadler in Migrationsfrage gegen "Drüberfahren" über EU-Staaten Oberösterreichische Nachrichten 14.01.2020):
It is not about "going through countries," Edtstadler said Monday night in [the ORF television program] ZiB2. Instead, each EU Member State should make a contribution, for example by strengthening external border protection.

When asked by moderator Armin Wolf what the difference was between the previous and the present coalition government on this issue, the EU minister did not respond directly. She pointed out that Austria has a very high burden in having a high proportion of asylum procedures. Edtstadler confirmed that foreign minister Alexander Schallenberg (ÖVP) did not want to participate in the resettlement programme
Der Foreign Minister takes a hard line, as well (Außenminister Schallenberg: Kein Beitritt Österreichs zu UN-Migrationspakt Standard 12.01.2020):
Austria will not join the UN migration pact, even under turquoise-green. "Austria's line on this issue will remain completely unchanged," Foreign Minister Alexander Schallenberg (ÖVP) said in an interview with APA. ...

"I think this is the completely wrong way to go, which only promotes the business of smugglers," Schallenberg said of the EU Commission's demand to take in refugees rescued in the Mediterranean. Schallenberg also does not think much of a resumption of the United Nations resettlement programme. ...

"I am not happy with these statements," Green MEP [Member of Parliament] Ewa Ernst-Dziedzic told STANDARD. Schallenberg's stipulations do not correspond to her party's positions. However, the government's programme includes "commitments to human rights and multilateralism," which distinguishes it from the former turquoise-blue coalition pact.
Chancellor Kurz himself used a meeting of the Visegrad Group (Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Czech Republic) to reinforce his anti-immigrant position (Kurz und die Visegrad-Staaten: Nur beim Migrationskurs im Gleichschritt Oberösterreichische Nachricten 17.01.2020):
At least on migration [immigration] policy, there is still agreement between Austria and its eastern neighbours. Kurz, like the Visegrad Group, remains close to the credo of "tight borders" and its "no" to EU-wide distribution quotas for refugees, although on this point his new partners, the Greens, think differently. To which Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orban paid a final compliment: "Austria is the natural partner of the Visegrad states."
But at Davos this year, Kurz concentrated on trashing the idea of a green economy.


Kurz warned about how green ideas would bring on a “failed” collectivism – presumably referring to Communist-style state-socialism - "suffering, hunger, and unbelievable misery." (Kurz warnt in Davos vor Comeback des Kollektivismus Standard 24.01.2020; my translation from German)

But he notably avoided emphasizing immigration issues. And he certainly didn’t advocate a fair revision of the Dublin System!
Part 1: https://brucemillerca.blogspot.com/2020/01/eu-long-term-challenges-on-immigration.html
Part 2: https://brucemillerca.blogspot.com/2020/02/eu-long-term-challenges-on-immigration.html
Part 3: https://brucemillerca.blogspot.com/2020/02/eu-long-term-challenges-on-immigration_5.html

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Signs of a weakening economy in Germany

Chris Bryant reported a week and a half ago about the downturn in industrial production in Germany. (An Industrial Crisis Is Brewing in Germany Bloomberg Opinion 09/30/2019):
Germany’s industrial sector contributes more than one-fifth of GDP and is usually a huge asset. Right now this export engine is pulling the economy down. Signs of distress are everywhere. German manufacturing activity is at a decade low, according to IHS Markit’s purchasing manager’s index. The Ifo Institute estimates that more than 5% of manufacturing companies have cut working hours and about 12% expect to do so during the next three months. German machinery orders declined 9% in the first six months of the year, according to the VDMA association, which represents the country’s engineers. In chemicals and pharmaceuticals, domestic production fell 6.5% in the first half of the year, while domestic car output has fallen 12% this year. Auto exports have dropped 14%.
I recently heard an estimate that one in nine jobs in Austria are dependent on the auto industry, and a huge part of that is from the German auto industry.

This article also illustrates how dysfunctional Germany's obsession with budget-balancing has become:
With luck these grim warnings will compel the government to reconsider its demand-sapping commitment to a balanced budget. Last week the head of the BDI industry lobby group urged Berlin to consider additional borrowing to fund public investment — a once unthinkable heresy but one that’s common sense when even 30-year German debt yields nothing.
When real interests rates on public debt are not just zero but negative, it's almost by definition economic policy malpractice not to borrow money for public investments that will depreciate over decades. The fact that normal public investment had become an "unthikable heresy" is a sign of how much even center-left German parties like the Social Democrats and the Greens embraced stone-conservative economic dogmas over the last two decades.

One of the ways that this longtime neglect is in the German passenger rail system, which is experiencing service problems because of inadequate maintenance and old train cars. And this at a time when climate change is making it more urgent all the time to shift traffic from private cars to public transportation.

Monday, September 30, 2019

Austrian election yesterday, and the 2019 political crisis enters a new stage

Austria held a national election Sunday to elect a new Nationalrat (Parliament).

2019 was an unusual year in the history of Austria's Second Republic (1945-today). The government of Chancellor Sebastian "Basti" Kurz was removed by a no-confidence vote for the first time in the Second Republic. Basti became Chancellor in December 2017 at the head of a coalition of his middle-right Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) and the far-right FPÖ, founded in 1955 by unrepentant ex-Nazis for unrepentant ex-Nazis, and which has never managed to get beyond its ideological roots.

Here are the results (NR-Wahl 2019) compared with the two previous Nationalrat elections and this year's EU parliamentary elections.


Basti during the campaign clearly preferred to form a new coalition with the FPÖ to continue their pro-oligarch, anti-immigrant policies of 2017-19. The FPÖ's performance Sunday has made this look considerably less likely. With their current troubles, the FPÖ will be strongly tempted to build their support by staying in the opposition and pursuing their only real issue at this point, fear and hatred of immigrants, with populist posturing belied by the economic and social policies they actually support.

The Green Party staged a dramatic comeback after failing to win parliamentary representation in 2017, because their vote fell under 4%. That was partly because there was a split-off party called Jetzt that did get parliamentary seats. But the combined Green-Jetzt vote increased from 8.2% in 2017 to 16.2% in 2019.

Numerically, there are three possible coalition options: a new edition of the ÖVP-FPÖ coalition ("turquoise-blue" from the party colors); ÖVP-SPÖ ("turquoise-red"); ÖVP-Greens ("turquoise-red green"). But the actual formation of a new government will be particularly difficult. The current government is an "expert government" headed by Austria's first female Chancellor, Birgit Bierlein, appointed by Austrian President Alexander Van Der Bellen acting as head of state. It's probably too soon to speculate whether Bierlein's interim government will serve in office longer than Basti's Ibiza government. It's certainly a possible outcome.

Basti's ÖVP/FPÖ coalition government of 2017-19 was also a historic government in being one of the shortest in decades. It was plagued by a stream of scandals, many of them having to do with what became ironically known as "isolated incidents" involving members of the FPÖ being discovered or outing themselves as adherents of a radical ideology not compatible with democratic government and politics. As just one example, Upper Austrian state senator Elmar Podgorschek (FPÖ):
The Upper Austrian FPÖ state senator Elmar Podgorschek ... gives a speech [June 2018] to the [German] far-right AfD Thuringia in which he gives advice on how to take power and massively attacks the institutions of democracy. When this becomes public, Podgorschek faces fierce criticism and calls for his resignation. (Mauthausen Komitee Österreich, Viele Einzelfälle = Ein Muster 02.08.2019; my translation)
In that speech, Podgorschek endorsed the "Orbanization" of the press, a reference to the current authoritarian government of Hungary and its practice of bringing a much of the Hungarian media under the control of pro-government oligarchs. Podgorschek in 2019 was publicly pressured to step down from his state senate (Landesrat) position, in no small part because of this incident.

I was surprised this year that one scandal that I considered actually the most serious actually did not play a prominent role in this year's Nationalrat election. That was an action by the FPÖ Interior Minister Herbert Kickl in 2018 known as the "BVT affair," in which he organized an unusual police raid on the security bureau in his own ministry, an action which led to some European nations to cut back their cooperation with Austrian intelligence because of fears that Austria couldn't adequately protect sources and methods.

The trigger that set in rapid motion the ousting of Basti's right/far-right government was what quickly became known as the Ibiza Scandal that broke in May. German and Austrian investigative reporters revealed a video which showed two senior figures in the FPÖ, including Vice Chancellor Heinz-Christian Strache, proposing corrupt deals and illegal schemes to a woman they thought was the niece of a Russian oligarch in a villa on the popular vacation island of Ibiza. The video was shot in 2017 before that year's election, when Strache was still an opposition leader. (Neither has been convicted of any violations of law in connection with the video as of this writing.) Frederick Obermaier and Bastian Obermayer's book Die Ibiza-Affäre (2019) describes the Ibiza meeting and the unfolding of the scandal.

This led critics of Basti's 2017-19 government to refer to it as the "Ibiza government" and the FPÖ as the "Ibiza party."

The falling apart of Basti's turquoise-blue government was followed by some bitter polemics between the ÖVP and the FPÖ. Even if the FPÖ hadn't had such a low vote in this election, it would have been a real challenge to put together a new Ibiza coalition.

The election-night conventional wisdom among Austrian commentators was that an ÖVP-Green coalition is the most plausible. But that is by no means an easy negotiation either. Basti has made it clear he wants to continue with the basically hard right and anti-immigrant policies of his Ibiza government. In his first post-election comments to the ORF national news service, Green Party leader Werner Kogler was cautious about a coalition, emphasizing that the Greens wanted to "change radically" (radical ändern) from the Ibiza government's policies. Basti's climate policies are a bad joke. And he has been distinctly, demagogically anti-immigrant, including in the 2019 election campaign. The Greens have been the easily the most pro-immigrant of the five parties of the new Nationalrat. The Greens have just staged a big comeback. And in the EU election this year, the Greens were the most popular party among Austrian voters under 30. Basti will have to offer them a very good deal to make the advantages of being in government outweigh the risks of being in a conservative-leaning government headed by him

A government coalition of the ÖVP and SPÖ has governed Austria for a large part of the Second Republic's existence. But that was in a party formation that essentially consisted of those two parties and the FPÖ. Now the Greens and NEOS complicate that picture. Like the Greens, the SPÖ will have to calculate whether the possible benefits of being a junior partner to Basti's ÖVP in the government would outweigh the highly likely political losses it would entail. The example of Germany, where their sister party, the SPD, is falling behind the Greens, will (and should!) loom large in their consideration.

Basti brought down a coalition government with the Social Democrats in 2017 and one with the far-right party this year. So he doesn't exactly look like the ideal coalition partner for anybody.

Another important result of the election. The "Wunderwuzzi" (whiz-kid) aura that Basti had with a lot of journalists who should have known better was severely tarnished by this campaign. And the new SPÖ leader Pamela Rendi-Wagner not only shocked the press with how well she campaigned but managed to make her acknowledgement of the SPÖ's disappointing result sound like a rousing call for intensifying the fight. The strong Green vote compared to 2017 was due in large part to voters switching from the SPÖ to the Greens.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Österreich: EU-Wahlen und Sturz einem Kanzler

Österreich hat am Sonntag seine EU-Parlaments-Wahlen abgehalten, wobei die christ-demokratische ÖVP die beste Parteileistung abgab. Die Ergebnisse wurden zunächst als Enttäuschung für die drittstelle FPÖ und als Rückschlag für die rechtsextreme FPÖ gemeldet.

Dann stimmte am Montag der Nationalrat dafür, Sebastian Kurz zum ersten österreichischen Bundeskanzler in der österreichischen Zweiten Republik zu machen, der durch ein parlamentarisches Misstrauensvotum aus dem entfernt wird. Sie werden im Amt bleiben, bis der Präsident die Aufzeichnungen der Nationalratsitzung formell annimmt und die Regierung formell abschafft.

Wenn man die Zahl der Sitze, die die Parteien bei der EU-Wahl errungen haben, mit ihren bisherigen vergleicht, dann ist das Ergebnis, dass die ÖVP einen Sitz von den Grünen und einen von der FPÖ geholt hat. Angesichts der besonderen Umstände sehe ich nicht, wie das ein großer Verlust für die SPÖ ist. Der bisherige SPÖ-Kanzler Christian Kern war ziemlich neu in einer explizit politischen Rolle, als er Kanzler wurde. Und er hatte während seiner Kanzlerschaft das Pech, mit Den Nachwirkungen der Flüchtlingskrise 2015/16 fertig werden zu müssen. Und wurde nicht dabei als gut wahrgenommen. Sein Außenminister Sebastian Kurz nutzte die Gelegenheit, um die SPÖ-ÖVP-Große Koalition zu stürzen und katapultiert sich in den Kanzleramt im Alter von 31 Jahren auf ein einwanderungsfeindlicher Thematik und mit der FPÖ als Koalitionspartner.

Die letzten anderthalb Jahre haben gezeigt, wie schlecht Kanzler Milchgesicht für die Kanzlerschaft vorbereitet war, und einmal mehr bewiesen, was für ein miserables Desaster die FPÖ ist.

2018 schien Christian Kern in seine Rolle als Oppositionsführer als SPÖ-Chef aufzuwachsen. Doch er entschloss sich unerwartet, 2018 zurückzutreten und Pamela Rendi-Wagner übernahm als Parteichefin die erste weibliche Parteivorsitzende in der Geschichte der SPÖ. Sie war auch relativ unerfahren im politischen Amt. Sie scheint doch in den letzten anderthalb Wochen während der Regierungskrise, dessen Ursache der verblüffende Versagen im Kanzleramt war, den Fokus auf Kurz‘ Verantwortung zu behalten und seinen Versuch, sich als gesegnet mit einem Zweite politische Unbefleckte Empfängnis darzustellen. Weil er wirklich ein äußerst opportunistischer fremdenfeindlicher Politiker ist, der sich nur für die Demokratie und ein wackeliges Bekenntnis zur Europäischen Union einsetzt.

Die österreichische Qualitätspresse in Print und Fernsehen ist nicht annähernd so weit kriecherisch vor oligarchischen Interessen in der Politik wie ihre amerikanischen Kollegen. Doch ihre erste Reaktion auf die EU-Wahl in Österreich schien zu sehr von einer Erzählung über SPÖ-Versagen und Rendi-Wagner-Schwäche abhängig zu sein.

Diese Standard Bericht über die österreichische EU Wahl on the Austrian EU election (Kurz lässt sich feiern, Rote zweifeln an sich und ihrer Chefin 26.05.2019) sagt:
Die SPÖ stagniert, konnte keine zusätzlichen Stimmen gewinnen. Außerdem habe man die eigenen Wähler nicht ausreichend mobilisieren können, ärgerte sich der burgenländische Landeshauptmann Hans Peter Doskozil. Er sprach bereits am frühen Abend von einer "klaren Wahlniederlage". Entnervt ist man auch in Kärnten. Landeshauptmann Peter Kaiser sah ein "schmerzhaftes und schwer nachvollziehbares Wahlergebnis". Dass er die Frage, ob Parteichefin Pamela Rendi-Wagner zur Disposition steht, nicht mit einem klaren Nein beantwortet, darf alarmieren. Kaiser erklärte nur, er sei "gegen Hüftschüsse". ...

Parteiintern und in den Medien geht bereits die Debatte um eine personelle Neuaufstellung los. Rendi-Wagner wird massiv infrage gestellt .... Die Frage ist nur: Entscheidung jetzt oder eine wochenlange, aufreibende Debatte.
Doskozil ist der derzeitige Landeshauptmann (Governor) des Burgenlandes und grundsätzlich ein Rechter innerhalb der SPÖ. Er nahm eine drakonischere Haltung zu Flüchtlingen ein als der (inzwischen frühere) Verteidigungsminister der FPÖ, Herbert Kickl. Er war in einer Koalition mit der FPÖ im Burgenland, die er nach der Veröffentlichung des Ibiza-Videos für ein Ende entschied. Doch in diesem Interview von Ende vergangener Woche macht er ziemlich deutlich, dass er sich nicht darüber gefreut habe, die Koalition beenden zu müssen. Sehr kritisch sieht er auch Kurz, weil er das abstoßende Kickl als Innenminister erst nach den Wahlen im Herbst verlassen wollte! "Warum muss aus Sicht der ÖVP der Innenminister gehen? Das war vollkommen unverständlich für mich." Und er wendet sich im Wesentlichen gegen die Unterstützung der SPÖ für ein Misstrauensvotum, um Kurz aus der Kanzlerschaft zu entfernen, indem er eine Version des Arguments von Nancy Pelosi gegen die Amtsenthebung Trumps verwendet, "Ich glaube sogar, dass die ÖVP sehr zufrieden ist damit. Kurz ist in der Dynamik des Märtyrers, des Staatsmannes, er kann die Opferrolle einnehmen." Das ist ein lächerliches Argument. Und offensichtlich von den SPÖ-Mitglieder des Nationalrats mit ihrer Abstimmung am Montag ablehnten.

Der ausgezeichnete ORF-BV-Journalist Armin Wolf, der derzeit eine Art österreichischer Walter-Cronkite-Figur ist, betonte in seiner Wahlabends-Berichterstattung, was er als Niederlage für die SPÖ anssieht. Der Herausgeber des ebenfalls ausgezeichneten, linksgerichteten Wochenblatts Falter , das für die FPÖ zu den wichtigsten Buhmännern zählt und nicht als ein besonderer Freund der ÖVP angesehen wird, twitterte:


Er macht aber auch auf einen Schlüsselfaktor bei den EU-Wahlergebnissen aufmerksam:

Natascha Strobl, eine politische Analystin, der Spezialist für rechsextreme Politik ist, schreibt von Kurz' Selbst-Darstellung von der letzten Woche oder so, "Die ÖVP spielt hier auf der Klaviatur der extremen Rechten und versucht Kurz außerhalb des politischen Systems zu stellen und unantastbar zu machen."

Kurz' informale Fraktion der ÖVP wird als "türkis" bezeichnet, um sie von der traditionellen ÖVP zu unterscheiden, deren Parteifarbe schwarz ist. Die türkise Kurz-Fraktion, zu der auch Milchgesicht selbst gehört, zeichnete sich durch eine mildere, höflich vorgetragene Version der FPÖ-Hardliner-fremdenfeindlichen Politik aus, einschließlich der Positionierung gegen die EU. Die ÖVP war historisch gesehen die Partei, die am stärksten mit der Fürsprache für die EU identifiziert wurde. Bei dieser EU-Wahl war langjähriges Mitglied des Europaparlaments Othmar Karas, der für eine traditionellere pro-europäische Botschaft einsetzte. Kurz versuchte, Karas‘ Botschaft nachzugeben, indem er eine Neuverhandlung der EU-Verträge forderte und eine dumme Beschwerde über eine EU-Verordnung für Lebensmittelunternehmen vorlegte, die von ihnen verlangt, Pommes so zu kochen, dass die krebserregende Chemikalie Acrylamid nicht produziert wird.

Dieser Stunt drohte, den Chancen des ÖVP-Tickets zu schaden. Doch unter den seltsamen Bedingungen, die durch den Ibiza-Video-Skandal hervorgerufen wurden, bedeutete es, dass sie unglücklichen FPÖ-Wählern eine "türkisfarbene" ÖVP-Option beschert und unglückliche Kurz-Anhänger eine "schwarze" pro-europäische ÖVP-Option befürworteten. Diese Wahlanalyse aus Standard zeigt, dass es der ÖVP bei dieser EU-Wahl erfolgreicher war, ihre Stimmen zu stellen als bei der letzten (Wählerströme: ÖVP mobilisiert Nichtwähler und gewinnt von FPÖ dazu 27.05.2019):
Die ÖVP konnte laut Wählerstromanalyse bei dieser Wahl den größten Anteil ihrer Wählerschaft halten: Etwa 90 Prozent der ÖVP-Wähler (etwa 686.000) aus dem Jahr 2014 haben wieder ihr Kreuz bei der ÖVP gemacht. Gewonnen hat die ÖVP vor allem von damaligen Nichtwählern oder noch nicht Wahlberechtigten – rund 387.000 Stimmen oder elf Prozent dieser Gruppe. Weiters sind etwa 19 Prozent (105.000) der damaligen FPÖ-Wähler zur ÖVP gewechselt.

Der SPÖ hielten 85 Prozent ihrer Wähler die Treue, das entspricht etwa 579.000 Stimmen. Von und zu anderen Parteien gibt es aus SPÖ-Perspektive keine nennenswerten Ströme, allerdings erhält sie rund 225.000 Stimmen von Personen, die 2014 nicht gewählt haben. Im Gegenzug verliert die SPÖ an die Gruppe der Nichtwähler einige wenige ehemalige Wähler (rund 46.000). Dass die SPÖ wohl trotzdem leicht schlechter abschneidet als bei der letzten Wahl, ist der höheren Wahlbeteiligung geschuldet. [meine Hervorhebung in Kursivschrift]
Mit Blick auf das heutige parlamentarische Misstrauensvotum beschloss die SPÖ Sonntagabend, die komplette Regierung, die Kanzlerin und alle Minister und nicht nur Bundeskanzler Kurz, wie es die kleine Jetzt Partei vorgeschlagen hatte, zu streichen. Das ermöglichte es der SPÖ, das Thema zu definieren und zeigte ihre Bereitschaft, eine Kampf gegen den gescheiterten Kanzler zu stellen.

Obwohl ich hier argumentiere, dass die Berichterstattung über die Leistung der SPÖ bei der EU-Wahl ein bisschen schlampig war, sehe ich nicht die Bemühungen der SPÖ, weiter zu wachsen, als einfach zu erreichen. Viele sozialdemokratische Parteien in Europa laufen Gefahr, zu Klein-Parteien zu werden. Das war bei dieser EU-Wahl in Griechenland und Frankreich der Fall. Die SPÖ umarmte die gleiche Art von neoliberalem, Budget-ausgleichenden, privatisierenden, Hebert Hoover/Heinrich Brüning ökonomische Politik, die Oligarchen glücklich macht, so wie es andere in Europa taten. Aber die Oligarchen sind der natürliche Wahlkreis der konservativen, Mitte-Rechts-Parteien und zunehmend rechtsextremen Parteien. Die mitte-linken Parteien waren jahrzehntelang die größten Parteien der Arbeiterklasse. Ihre traditionellen Wähler sind von solchen Politiken geschädigt. Das ist kein gutes Bild für die Sozialdemokraten in Europa als Ganze, auch wenn einige sozialdemokratische Parteien wie die in Spanien immer noch Stärke zeigen.

Austria: EU elections and ousting a Chancellor

Austria held its EU parlimaentary elections on Sunday, with the Christina Democratic ÖVP having the best party performance. The results were initially reported as a disappointment for the second-place FPÖ and a setback for the far-right FPÖ.

Then on Monday, the Nationalrat (lower House of Parliament) voted to make Sebastian Kurz the first Austrian Chancellor in the Austrian Second Republic to be removed from office by a parliamentary no-confidence vote. They will remain in office until the President formally accepts the records of the Nationalrat session and formally removes the government.

When we compare the number of seats the parties won in the EU election to their previous ones, the result is that the ÖVP picked up one seat from the Greens and one from the FPÖ. Given the particular circumstances, I don't see how that's a big loss for the SPÖ. The previous SPÖ Chancellor, Christian Kern, was fairly new in an explicitly political role when he became Chancellor. And he had the misfortune during his Chancellorship of having to deal with the repercussions of the 2015-16 refugee crisis. And was not perceived as handling it well. His Foreign Minister, Sebastian Kurz, took the opportunity to wreck the SPÖ-ÖVP Grand Coalition government and catapult himself to the Chancelorship at age 31 on an anti-immigrant theme and with the FPÖ as his coalition partner.

The last year and a half has shown how poorly prepared Chancellor Babyface was for the Chancellorship, and proved once again what a miserable disaster the FPÖ is.

In 2018, Christian Kern seemed to be growing into his role as opposition leader as the head of the SPÖ. But he unexpectedly decided to resign in 2018 and Pamela Rendi-Wagner took over as party chief, the first female chair of the party in the SPÖ's history. She was also relatively inexperienced in holding political office. She certainly seems to have done a good job during the last week and a half during the government crisis brought on by Kurz' stunning failure as Chancellor in keeping the focus on Kurz' responsibility and not allowing his attempt to present himself as blessed with a second political Immaculate Conception. Because he's really an extremely opportunistic xenophobic politician with limited commitment to democracy and a shaky commitment to the European Union.

The Austrian quality press in print and on the air isn't nearly as fawning to oligarchic interests in politics as their American counterparts. But their iwnitial response to the EU election in Austria did seem to be too dependent on a narrative of SPÖ failure and Rendi-Wagner's weakness.

This Standard report on the Austrian EU election (Kurz lässt sich feiern, Rote zweifeln an sich und ihrer Chefin 26.05.2019) includes this (all translations form the German in this post are mine:
The SPÖ is stagnating, could not win any additional votes. In addition, they weren’t able to sufficiently mobilize their own voters, the Burgenland Bundeshauptmann (Governor) Hans Peter Doskozil, fretted. He spoke of a "clear election defeat" as early as the early evening. People are also unnerved in Carinthia. Governor Peter Kaiser saw a "painful and difficult to comprehend election result." That he does not answer with a resounding no to the question of whether party leader Pamela Rendi-Wagner is up for discussion could raise alarms. Kaiser declared only that he was "against shooting from the hip." ...

The debate about a personnel shake-up is already going on within the party and in the media. Rendi-Wagner is being massively doubted [as leader] ... The only question is: Decision now, or have a weeks-long, grueling debate.
Doskozil is the current Landeshauptmann (Governor) of the state of Burgenland and is basically a rightwinger inside the SPÖ. He took a more draconian position on refugees than the FPÖ's now-former Defence Minister Herbert Kickl. He was in a coalition with the FPÖ in Burgenland that he decided to end after the Ibiza-Video was published. But in this interview from late last week, he makes it pretty clear that he wasn't happy about having to end the coalition. He also is very critical of Kurz for not wanted to leave the repulsive Kickl as Interior Minister until after the elections in the fall! “From the point of view of the ÖVP, why should the Interior Minister have to go? That was completely incomprehensible to me.” And he essentially opposes the SPÖ's support for a no-confidence vote to remove Kurz from the Chancellorship, using a version of the Nancy Pelosi argument against impeaching Trump, "I even think the ÖVP is very happy with that. Kurz is in the dynamic of the martyr, the statesman, he can take on the role of victim." It's a ridiculous argument. And clearly one that the SPÖ members in the Nationalrat rejected in their vote Monday.

If Doskozil is critical of Rendi-Wagner's leadership of the party, it's most likely because he worries that she's actuall doing a good job as the leader of a center-left party. It's one of the challenges of the SPÖ in trying to craft and deliver a message that could build a larger vote for them is that they so far haven't told Doskozil to go campaign for the FPÖ where he belongs.

The excellent ORF public TV journalist Armin Wolf, who is currently a sort of Austrian Walter Cronkite figure, in his election-night reporting stressed what he viewed as a defeat for the SPÖ. The publisher of the also excellent, left-leaning wekkly Falter, which is one of the main bogeymen for the FPÖ and not seen as any special friend of the ÖVP, tweeted:
("I think [Vienna Governor] Michael Häupl should become SPÖ leadership candidate. He's not that old yet.")
("Now it will now take a few more days before the whole country believes that a National Socialist scandal government has been at work with us for the last year and a half, which can only be overthrown by Sebastian Kurz." [A reference to an OVP's polemical theme in their fight against the no-confidence vote.])

But he also calls attention to a key factor in the EU election results:

("Was it actually Kurz who won or Karas?")

Natascha Strobl, a political analyst who is a specialist on far-right politics, notes of Kurz' self-psoitioning the last week or so, "The ÖVP here is playing the tune of the far right and is trying to position Kurz outside the political system and make him untouchable."

Kurz' faction of the ÖVP is called "turquoise" to distinguish it from the traditional ÖVP, whose party color is black. The turquoise Kurz faction, including Babyface himself, distinguished iself by adopting a milder-worded more politely presented version of the FPÖ hardline xenophobic policies, including posturing against the EU. The ÖVP was historically the party most identified with advocacy for the EU. During this EU election, the head of the ÖVP list was Othmar Karas, and longtime member of the European Parliament and a more traditional pro-European message. Kurz tried to step on his message by calling for a renegotiation of the EU treaties and making a silly complaint about an EU regulation for food companies requiring them to cook potato chips in a way that won't produced the carcinogenic chemical Acrylamide.

This stunt ran the risk of harming the ÖVP ticket's chances. But in the weird conditions produced by the Ibiza-Video scandal, it meant that the it gave unhappy FPÖ voters a "turquoise" ÖVP option and unhappy Kurz supporters a "black" pro-European ÖVP option. This election analyis from Standard indicates that the ÖVP was more successful at turning out its votors in this EU election than in the last (Wählerströme: ÖVP mobilisiert Nichtwähler und gewinnt von FPÖ dazu 27.05.2019):
The ÖVP was able to hold the largest share of its electorate in this election, according to analysis of voter party switching: About 90 percent of ÖVP voters (about 686,000) from 2014 marked their ballots for the ÖVP again. The ÖVP won, mainly from non-voters at the time or not yet eligible to vote – about 387,000 votes, or 11 percent of this group. Furthermore, about 19 percent (105,000) of the then-FPÖ voters switched to the ÖVP.

The SPÖ held the allegiance of 85 percent of its voters, or about 579,000 votes. There are no significant switches to or from other parties from a SPÖ perspective, but it receives around 225,000 votes from people who did not vote in 2014. In return, the SPÖ loses a few former voters (around 46,000) to the group of non-voters. The fact that the SPÖ is probably still performing slightly worse than in the last election is due to the higher voter turnout. [my emphasis in italics]
Going into today's parliamentary no-confidence vote, the SPÖ Sunday evening decided to propose removing the entire government, the Chancellor and all the ministers, and not just Chancellor Kurz, as the small Jetzt party had proposed. This allowed the SPÖ to define the issue and showed their willingness to put up a fight against the failed Chancellor.

Although I'm arguing here that the coverage of the SPÖ's performance in the EU election was a bit sloppy, I don't see the SPÖ's effort to grow as an easy one. Many of the social-democratic parties in Europe are in danger of becoming minor parties. That was the case in Greece and France in this EU election. The SPÖ embraced the same kind of neoliberal, budget-balancing, privatizing, Hebert Hoover/Heinrich Brüning economics that make oligarchs happy, just as others in Europe did. But the oligarchs are the natural constituency of the conservative, center-right, and, increasingly, far right parties. The center-left parties were for decades the largest parties of the working class. Their traditional constituents are harmed by such policies. This is not a good picture for the Social Democrats in Europe as a whole, though some Social Democratic parties like the one in Spain are still showing strength.

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Weaknesses of the Kurz government in Austria

I'm re-upping the points I made about the vulnerabilities of the now-defunct Austrian government of Chancellor Sebastian Kurz (ÖVP) and Vice Chancellor Heinz-Christian Strache (FPÖ-Ibiza) in an earlier post, How much staying power does the current Austrian government have? 11/27/2018.

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A lot can change between now and 2022 [I wrote in November], e.g., a new international recession, which in terms of the average length of past business cycles is overdue.

The FPÖ is dominated by its "Burschenschaft" (far-right) wing headed by Vice Chancellor Strache. Lots of these people have loony and obnoxious ideas. And they will keep on expressing them.

The single most dramatic political misstep by the turquoise-brown-blue coalition so far was a highly unusual raid by a Vienna police unit headed by an office-holding FPÖ politician (!?!) on the main federal internal-security agency, the BVT, in which they took highly sensitive information, done at the instigation of Interior Minister Herbert Kickl (FPÖ). The Washington Post has reported that other countries are restricting their cooperation with the Austrian BVT as a result, fearing that the BVT cannot be trusted as before with protecting sources and methods. This is something that could seriously compromise Austrian national security in defending against terrorism, organized crime, and espionage. A parliamentary investigation is underway. It already appears that some senior officials have been less than straightforward about the motivations for the raid.

The FPÖ made a formal cooperation agreement in 2016 with Putin's United Russia party that is still in effect. This reflects their ideological affinity for Putinism, including Islamophobia, ethnic nationalism, xenophobia, and hostility to the EU. Even though the FPÖ insists it's "pro-European." Which I suppose is true, especially if you take "European" to mean conservative Christian white people in Europe. This is something that both many Austrian voters and formal allies find problematic. Especially because ...

The KurzStrache government has been downright embarassing in their diplomatic deferral to Russia and Putin. The Austrian public isn't as anti-Russian as Polish voters. But most are far from being Putin idolators.

Kurz needs to rely on Message Control, because as a retail politician, he's kind of a stiff. Earlier this month [November], he embarrassed himself in a town hall meeting in the state of Vorarlberg when he was challenged over his immigration policy. Responding to unexpected critical or challenging questions is a skill that most politicians in his position have mastered better than he seems to have done.

The main opposition party, the SPÖ, has been in turmoil for a couple of years, including the unexpected resignation this year of party chief Christian Kern. This has inhibited their ability to mount focused opposition. This past weekend, the SPÖ elected a new party chairperson, Pamela Rendi-Wagner, the first woman to head the party. How well she handles her role as opposition leader of course remains to be seen. But she can also make use of "New" branding for the SPÖ.

The turquoise-blue anti-immigration policy is meeting some significant pushback from the Green Party and also from within the ÖVP. The latter was what Kurz ran into in Vorarlberg. But even FPÖ voters are not enthusiastic about every anti-immigrant measure. The business-oriented ÖVP is getting pressure from business leaders to ease access for qualified immigrants to fill skilled positions currrently under-filled. And not only skilled positions. Some lesser-skilled positions also are experiencing shortages, notably home care providers.

Immigration can be a volatile issue. But the official turquoise-blue rhetoric against immigrants insists they should be "integrated," i.e., assimilated. But their policies are also clearly aimed at making integration harder, as well. For instance, they established a policy that asylum-seekers in job apprenticeships for jobs for which workers are in short supply would not be allowed to complete their apprenticeships and that no consideration in evaluating asylum requests should be taken for the fact that someone had finished and apprenticeship and was clearly "integrating." Even half or more of FPÖ voters don't approving of those obviously xenophobic and mean-spirited policies.

Also, the nationalist slogan "close the borders" may be exciting in the abstract. In practice, for Austria it would mean some seriously horrible traffic jams and some significant economic disruption for Austria and other EU countries, as well. A major commercial traffice route passes through the Austrian state of Tyrol. The national government's loose talk about closing borders in the summer was a reminder that it's a useful slogan, as long as people aren't required to think too much about the practical consequences. Symbolic posturing only goes so far.

Die Schwächen der Kurz Regierung in Österreich

Ich wiederhole hier die Punkte, die ich über die Schwachstellen der inzwischen gefallenen österreichischen Regierung von Bundeskanzler Sebastian Kurz (ÖVP) und Vizekanzler Heinz-Christian Strache (FPÖ-Ibiza) in einem früheren Beitrag auf Englisch hier, How much staying power does the current Austrian government have? 11/27/2018.

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Bis 2022 [ich schrieb im November] kann sich viel ändern, z.B. eine neue internationale Rezession, die im Hinblick auf die durchschnittliche Länge der vergangenen Konjunkturzyklen überfällig ist.

Die FPÖ wird von ihrem Burschenschafter Flügel unter der Leitung von Vizekanzler Strache dominiert. Viele dieser Menschen haben verrückte und widerliche Ideen. Und sie werden sie immer wieder ausdrücken.

Der bisher dramatischste politische Fehltritt der türkis-braun-blauen Koalition war eine höchst ungewöhnliche Razzia einer Wiener Polizeieinheit unter der Leitung eines amtlichen FPÖ-Politikers (!?!) auf der wichtigsten Bundesanstalt für innere Sicherheit, dem BVT, in dem Sie nahmen hochsensible Informationen entgegen, die auf Betreiben von Innenminister Herbert Kickl (FPÖ) gemacht wurden. Die Washington Post berichtete, dass andere Länder ihre Zusammenarbeit mit dem österreichischen BVT dadurch einschränken, weil sie befürchten, dass der BVT mit dem Schutz von Quellen und Methoden nicht wie bisher vertrauenswürdig sei. Das ist etwas, was die nationale Sicherheit Österreichs bei der Verteidigung gegen Terrorismus, organisiertes Verbrechen und Spionage ernsthaft gefährden könnte. Eine parlamentarische Untersuchung läuft. Es scheint schon, dass einige hochrangige Beamte die Beweggründe für die Razzia nicht gerade geradlinig gesehen haben.

Die FPÖ hat 2016 mit Putins Partei "Einiges Russland" ein formelles Kooperationsabkommen geschlossen, das noch in Kraft ist. Darin spiegelt sich ihre ideologische Affinität zum Putinismus wider, darunter Islamophobie, ethnischer Nationalismus, Fremdenfeindlichkeit und Feindseligkeit gegenüber der EU. Auch wenn die FPÖ darauf besteht, dass sie "pro-europäisch" ist. Was meiner Meinung nach zutrifft, vor allem, wenn man "europäisch" als konservative christliche weiße Menschen in Europa meint. Das finden sowohl viele österreichische Wähler als auch formelle Verbündete problematisch. In Besonders, weil ...

Die Regierung KurzStrache hat ihre diplomatische Abschiebung nach Russland und Putin geradezu peinlich in Verlegenheit gebracht. Die österreichische Öffentlichkeit ist nicht so anti-russisch wie die polnischen Wähler. Aber die meisten sind weit davon entfernt, Putin-Götzendiener zu sein.

Kurz muss sich auf Message Control verlassen, denn als Spontaneitäts-Politiker ist er so etwas wie ein steifer. Anfang des Monats [November] hatte er sich in einem Treffen mit dem Publikum im Bundesland Vorarlberg in Verlegenheit gebracht, als er wegen seiner Einwanderungspolitik herausgefordert wurde. Auf unerwartete kritische oder herausfordernde Fragen zu antworten, ist eine Fähigkeit, die die meisten Politiker in seiner Position besser gemeistert haben, als er es offenbar getan hat.

Die wichtigste Oppositionspartei SPÖ ist seit ein paar Jahren in Aufruhr, auch wegen der unerwartete Rücktritt in diesem Jahr [2018] von Parteichef Christian Kern. Dies hat ihre Fähigkeit, fokussierte Opposition zu leisten, behindert. Am vergangenen Wochenende wählte die SPÖ eine neue Parteivorsitzende, Pamela Rendi-Wagner, zur ersten Frau, die die Partei leitet. Wie gut sie ihre Rolle als Oppositionsführerin behandelt, bleibt natürlich abzuwarten. Aber sie kann auch von "New"-Branding für die SPÖ Gebrauch machen.

Die türkis-blaue Einwanderungspolitik stößt bei den Grünen und auch innerhalb der ÖVP auf teils erheblichen Rückschlag. Letzteres war es, was Kurz in Vorarlberg antrat. Doch auch FPÖ-Wähler sind nicht von jeder einwanderungsfeindlichen Maßnahme begeistert. Die wirtschaftsorientierte ÖVP bekommt von den Unternehmensführern Druck, qualifizierten Zuwanderern den Zugang zu erleichtern, qualifizierte Positionen zu besetzen, die derzeit unterbesetzt sind. Und nicht nur qualifizierte Positionen. Auch einige weniger qualifizierte Stellen haben Defizite, vor allem häusliche Pflege.

Einwanderung kann ein unbeständiges Thema sein. Doch die offizielle türkis-blaue Rhetorik gegen Einwanderer besteht darauf, dass sie "integriert", also assimiliert werden sollten. Aber ihre Politik zielt eindeutig auch darauf ab, die Integration zu erschweren. So haben sie beispielsweise eine Politik festgelegt, dass Asylsuchende in Arbeitsstellen, für die Arbeitnehmer knapp sind, ihre Lehrstellen nicht abschließen dürfen und dass bei der Bewertung von Asylanträgen keine Berücksichtigung für die Tatsache, dass jemand fertig war und eine Ausbildung absolviert hatte und sich eindeutig "integriert" habe. Selbst die Hälfte oder mehr der FPÖ-Wähler billigen diese offensichtlich fremdenfeindliche und kleinwüchsige Politik nicht.

Auch nationalistische Parolen wie "die Grenzen schließen" oder „Grenzen dicht“ magen abstrakt spannend sein. In der Praxis würde dies für Österreich einige gravierende schreckliche Verkehrsbehinderungen und einige erhebliche wirtschaftliche Störungen auch für Österreich und andere EU-Länder bedeuten. Eine große Handelsverkehrsroute führt durch das österreichische Bundesland Tirol. Das lockere Gerede der nationalen Regierung über die Schließung der Grenzen im Sommer erinnerte daran, dass es sich um einen nützlichen Slogan handelt, solange die Menschen nicht zu viel über die praktischen Folgen nachdenken müssen. Symbolische Haltung geht nur so weit.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Rachel Maddow engagiert sich für die politische Krise in Österreich

Die amerikanische Journalistin Rachel Maddow von MSNBC berichtete Donnerstag (23.Mai) uber die heutige politische Krise in Österreich auf amerikanisch:


Der Bericht über Österreich beginnt kurz nach 15:30 im Video.

Ihr Bericht war im Allgemeinen gut. Bei Rachel Maddow denke ich immer wieder: "Das ist gut, aber ..." Das "Aber" hat in der Regel mit ihrem ständig frechen Sarkasmus zu tun, die selbst mir ein bisschen zu viel ist. Und während sie nicht frivole Blödheit sagt wie auf FOX News, ist sie manchmal sorglos um die Ränder.

Ihre Beschreibung der österreichischen Regierung, die in der vergangenen Woche auseinandergefallen ist, ist im Grunde richtig. Ihre Beschreibung des Skandal-Videos war anständig. Ihre Beschreibung der russischen Beziehungen der FPÖ war gut, und es ist sehr wichtig. Die Geheimdienste der anderen europäischen Länder halten die österreichische Geheimdienste nicht für zuverlässig, wenn es darum geht, Quellen und Methoden geheim zu halten, insbesondere aus Russland, und haben eine sehr eingeschränkte Zusammenarbeit mit ihnen, wie Maddow berichtet. Und sie hat Recht, das Österreichs Kanzler Sebastian "Milchgesicht" Kurz das Innenministerium (innere Sicherheit) und die Verteidigung an die rechtsextreme Freiheitlichen (FPÖ) gab. Sie hat es zu niedrig ausgewiesen sogar – und dass ist ein bisschen untypisch für sie! - weil Kanzler Milchgesicht vorschlug, auch der FPÖ das Justizministerium zu geben, und der Präsident (Alexander Van der Bellen) als Staatsoberhaupt die genehmigten FPÖ-Beauftragten für alle drei abgelehnt hat. So ging das Justiz Ministerium an die christdemokratische ÖVP.

Doch das Innenministerium dem abstoßenden Herbert Kickl zu geben, war das Schlimmste. Er war nicht einer der beiden Ibiza-Partyboys im Skandal-Video. Aber er ist eigentlich der Hauptstratege der Partei und ist auch ein Dick-Cheney-Stufe eines furchtbaren Menschen. (D.h., ein sehr niedrige Stufe!) Seit Anfang von Kickls Amtszeit als Innenminister betrachten die Geheimdienste der anderen europäischen Länder die österreichischen Geheimdienste nicht als zuverlässig, wenn es darum geht, Quellen und Methoden, insbesondere in Bezug auf Russland, geheim zu halten, und haben die Zusammenarbeit mit den österreichischen Diensten eingeschränkt.

Eine merkwürdige Sache an Maddows Bericht ist jedoch, dass sie die Namen der Hauptakteure nicht erwähnt. Ich mochte ihren Witz über Sebastian Kurz als „Baby-Kanzler“. Aber sie bezeichnete ihn als "diesen Kerl", ohne seinen eigentlichen Namen zu erwähnen! Ähnlich verhalten sind die beiden Jungs im Skandal-Video, (inzwischen ehemaliger) Vizekanzler Heinz-Christian Strache und (inzwischen ehemaliger) FPO-Parlamentschef Johann Gudenus, und auch (inzwischen ehemaliger) Innenminister Miister Herbert Kickl. Ihre Beschreibung des Prozesses, dass Kurz seine Regierung 2017 formte, war zwar zutreffend, aber ein bisschen schlampig, d.h., sie spricht von "dem jungen Kanzler", die die Regierung bildete. Aber er war noch nicht Kanzler, bis er tatsächlich eine Regierung bildete, die vom Präsidenten gebilligt wurde.

Maddow neigt dazu, über die russische Einmischung als meisterhafte Staatkunst zu sprechen. Doch obwohl die Förderung und Unterstützung der rechtsextremen Parteien zur politischen Instabilität beiträgt, hat die Auspeitschung von unvorsichtigen Schlägern wie Strache und Gudenus nicht unbedingt die Position und den Ruf der putinistische Parteien geschwächt. Es wird zumindest die CDU in Deutschland mehr Vorsicht für die Zusammenarbeit mit der rechtsextremen AfD zu haben. Auch Kurz ' Regierung war schmeichelnd in ihrer prorussischen Diplomatie. Aber sie fiel schneller auseinander als jede andere österreichische Regierung seit dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Und auf spektakulär peinliche Weise. Kurz selbst steht am Montag vor einem Misstrauensvotum, das ihn als einzigen österreichischen Kanzler nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg aus dem Amt machen könnte, der aus dem Amt entfernt wird.

Die FPÖ als "die Partei, die von den Ex-Nazis gegründet wurde" zu bezeichnen, wie Maddow tut, ist zutreffend. Obwohl die relevantere Tatsache ist, dass sie 64 Jahre nach ihrer Gründung immer noch diese Perspektive kultivieren, meist technisch innerhalb der Zwänge des Anti-Nazi-Gesetzes. Die sozialdemokratischen und christdemokratischen Parteien schlossen auch ehemalige Nazi-Parteimitglieder nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg ein. Die Besatzungsmächte haben sich bewusst dafür entschieden, das Wahlrecht nicht zulassen oder Personen zu ein Amt zu bekleiden verbieten, nur auf der Grundlage der NSDAP-Mitgliedschaft. Doch SPÖ und ÖVP waren Parteien, zu denen auch ehemalige Nazis gehörten. Aber die FPÖ wurde als Partei von politischer reuelosen Ex-Nazis gegründet, obwohl sie sich an die Anti-Nazi-Gesetze halten musste, sie war also zumindest nominell eine pro-demokratische Partei. (Siehe: Margit Reiter, Anton Reinthaller und die Anfänge der Freiheitlichen Partei Österreichs Vierteljahrhefte für Zeitgeschichte 66:2018) Und einige FPÖ-Figuren über die Jahrzehnte versuchten tatsächlich, die FPÖ in eine deutlicher liberal-demokratische Haltung zu drängen. Mit begrenztem Erfolg.

Es stört mich, dass Maddow ein bisschen ungenau ist. So hat die inzwischen nicht mehr existierende Regierung von Kurz-Strache die Überwachung und Durchsetzung von Rechtsextremisten zurückgefahren, aber sie hat sie nicht ganz abgeschaltet, wie sie sagt. In ihrer Beschreibung des Skandal-Videos sagt sie, Gudenus spreche zumindest auf elementarer Ebene Russisch. Ich spreche kein Russisch, aber ich habe noch nie gehört, dass Gudenus ' Russisch als Elementarebene beschrieben wurde. Gudenus ist der wichtigste offizielle russische Ansprechpartner der FPÖ, und er lebte und studierte eine Zeit lang in Russland. (Siehe: Leila Al-Serori et al, Wie die FPÖ Russland lieben lernte Süddeutsche Zeitung 20.05.2019)

Rachel Maddow takes on the Austrian political crisis

Rachel Maddow reported on the current Austrian political crisis on Thursday (May 23):


The Austria report starts just after 15:30.

Her report was generally good. With Rachel Maddow, I always find myself thinking, "that's good, but ..." The "but" usually has to do with her perpetually perky-snarkiness, which is a little too much even for me. And while she doesn't just make stuff up like on FOX News, she is sometimes careless around the edges.

Her description of the Austrian government that fell apart this past week is basically accurate. Her description of the scandal video was decent. Her description of the FPÖ's Russian ties was accurate, and it's a big deal. The other European countries' intelligence agencies don't consider Austrian intelligence to be reliable on keeping sources and methods secret, particualarly from Russia and have restricted cooperation with them, as she reports. And she's right about how Austria's Chancellor Sebastian "Babyface" Kurz gave the Interior Ministry (internal security) and Defense to the far-right FPÖ (Freedom Party). She even understates that a bit - uncharacteristic for her! - because Babyface proposed giving the FPÖ the Justice Ministry as well, and the President (Alexander Van der Bellen) as head of state refused to approved FPÖ appointees for all ehrte. so Justice went to the (Christian Democratic) ÖVP.

But giving the Interior Ministry to the repulsive Herbert Kickl was the worst. He wasn't one of the two Ibiza party boys in the scandal video. But he's actually the main strategist of the party and is also a Dick Cheney level of an awful person. Since early in Kickl's term as Interior Minister, the other European countries' intelligence agencies don't consider Austrian intelligence to be reliable on keeping sources and methods secret, particularly from Russia and have restricted cooperation with them.

One odd thing about Rachel's report, though, is that she doesn't mention the names of the main players. I did like her snarky dig at Sebastian Kurz about take-your-baby-Chancellor-to-work-day. But she referred to him as "this guy" without ever mentioning his actual name! Same with the two guys in the scandal video, (now former) Vice Chancellor Heinz-Christian Strache and (now former) FPO parliamentary leader Johann Gudenus, and also (now former) Interior Miister Herbert Kickl. Her description of the process of Kurz forming his government in 2017 was accurate but a bit sloppy, i.e., she talks about "the young Chancellor" forming the government. But he wasn't Chancellor until he actually did form a government approved by the President..

Rachel tends to talk about Russian meddling as master statecraft. But while encouraging and promoting the far-right parties does contribute to political instability, picking careless thugs like Strache and Gudenus hasn't necessarily strengthened the position and reputation of the Putinist parties. It's bound to make at least the CDU in Germany more leery of cooperating with the far-right AfD. Also, Kurz' government was fawning in its pro-Russian diplomacy. But it fell apart quicker than any Austrian government since WWII. And in a spectacularly embarrassing way. Kurz himself on Monday faces a no-confidence vote that could make him the only post-WWII Austrian Chancellor to be removed from office a parliamentary vote.

Describing the FPÖ as "the party that was founded by the ex-Nazis" is accurate. Although the more relevant fact is that 64 years after they were founded, they still cultivate that perspective, usually technically within the constraints of the anti-Nazi law. The social-democratic and Christian Democratic parties also incorporated ex Nazi Party members after WWII. The occupying powers made a conscious decision not to disenfranchise voters or forbid people from holding office just on the basis of NSDAP membership. But the SPÖ and ÖVP were parties that included fromer Nazis. The FPÖ was founded as the party of politically unrepentent ex-Nazis, although they had to conform to the anti-Nazi laws, so they were at least nominally a pro-democracy party. (See: Margit Reiter, Anton Reinthaller und die Anfänge der Freiheitlichen Partei Österreichs Vierteljahrhefte für Zeitgeschichte 66:2018) And some FPÖ figures over the decades actually did try to push the FPÖ into a more clearly liberal-democratic stance. With limited success.

It does bother me that she's a bit careless around the edges. For instance, the now-defunct Kurz-Strache government did cut back monitoring and enforcement against far-right extremists, but they didn't entirely shut it down, as she says. In her description of the scandal video, she says that Gudenus speaks Russian at least at an elementary level. I don't speak any Russian, but I've never heard Gudenus' Russian described as elementary-level before. Gudenus is the FPÖ's main official Russian contact, and he lived and studied in Russia for a while. (See: Leila Al-Serori et al, Wie die FPÖ Russland lieben lernte Süddeutsche Zeitung 20.05.2019)

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

Kann Sebastian Kurz es schaffen, Kanzler Österreichs für eine Woche länger zu bleiben? [Korregiert 23.05.2019]

Für ein Nachrichten-Junkie ist es ein Traum, der politischen Krise in Österreich zu folgen. Vor allem, da Österreich starke genug demokratische Institutionen hat, die selbst eine historisch dramatische Regierungskrise ohne Straßenkämpfe oder Schlachten zwischen Milizen durchzukommen können. Solche Gruppen hatte Österreich in den 1920er und 1930er Jahren.

Ab diesem Punkt hat die rechtsextreme FPÖ der Regierung von Kanzler Sebastian Kurz (ÖVP) ihre Unterstützung entzogen. Kurz hat mit Erlaubnis des Präsidenten und Staatschefs Alexander Van der Bellen den Innenminister Herbert Kickl (FPÖ) aufgekündigt. Es ist das erste Mal in der Geschichte der aktuellen Österreichischen Republik nach 1945, dass ein Bundesminister aufgekündigt wird, anstatt einen Rücktritt einzureichen.

Alle verbliebenen FPÖ-Minister sind am Montagabend zurückgetreten. Einzige Ausnahme ist die Außenministerin Karin Kneissl, die als "nah" an der FPÖ gilt, obwohl sie technisch nicht Mitglied ist, und sie wurde von der FPÖ-Führung empfohlen. Kurz ' 2017 Koalitionsvertrag mit der FPÖ beteiligt daran, ihnen das Innenministerium (innere Sicherheit), Verteidigung, Justiz und Auswärtige Angelegenheiten zu geben. Van der Bellen verweigerte, alle drei Sicherheitsbehörden der FPÖ zu erlauben und so ging Justiz an die ÖVP.

Warum Kneissl geblieben ist, ist unklar. Es kann sein, dass sie den Posten einfach nicht aufgeben wollte. Oder dass die FPÖ wollte, dass sie bleibt, obwohl die wollte, dass alle FPÖ-Mitglieder ausscheiden. Kneissl ist vor allem dafür bekannt, dass sie Wladimir Putin im vergangenen Jahr zu ihrer Hochzeit eingeladen hat und sich buchstäblich auf ihr Knie vor ihm beugt.



Van der Bellen nahm am Mittwoch vier von Kurz vorgeschlagene "Experten" zur Besetzung der frei werdenden Stellen an. (Karl Ettinger et al, Die Neuen - ein Wink in Richtung SPÖ Wiener Zeitung 22.05.2019)

Aber es ist durchaus möglich, dass Kurz selbst durch ein Misstrauensvotum im Parlament aus der Kanzlerschaft entfernt wird. Das würde bedeuten, dass Van der Bellen für die Übergangszeit vor der Wahl im September und unmittelbar danach, während eine neue Regierung gebildet wird, einen neuen Kanzler ernennen könnte. Das ist in parlamentarischen Demokratien nicht häufig, aber auch nicht ungewöhnlich. Es wäre aber das erste Mal in Österreichs Zweiter Republik. Der neue Kanzler müsste österreichischer Staatsbürger sein, aber kein Abgeordneter.

Kurz ist der Shooting-Star der österreichischen Politik. Während der Einwanderungskrise 2015-16 stellte Kurz sich selbst als Österreichs Retter von den beängstigenden Ausländern und von Angela Merkel dar. Es war eine Scheinleistung. Der Flüchtlingszustrom wurde 2016 durch Merkels Deal mit der Türkei gebremst, nicht durch die "Schließung der Balkanroute", für die Kurz Anerkennung fand. Anschließend hatte er die ÖVP aus ihrer Koalition mit der SPÖ (mitte-links Sozialdemokratische Partei) ausziehen lassen.

Im Wahlkampf 2017 setzte er sich grundsätzlich für eine ÖVP/FPÖ-Koalition ein. Ich habe 2017 an einer Live-Debatte in Linz der drei Kanzler-Kandidaten - Kurz, Strache und der damalige Bundeskanzler Christian Kern (SPÖ) - besucht. Auffallend war, dass Kurz und Strache auf ernsthafte Kritik untereinander verzichteten. Es zeigte sich auch, dass Strache am erfahrensten war, als es sich mit dieser Art von Wahlkampf gemütlich machte. Er präsentierte ein gemäßigtes (für ihn) Gesicht und war deutlich bequemer darin, vor dem Publikum zu sein und sich mit einem Publikum zu verbinden. Kurz selbst hatte damals 31 Jahren und als er im Dezember 2017 Kanzler wurde. Er setzte sich für Fremdenfeindlichkeit ein und war froh, eine Koalition mit der FPÖ zu bilden, wohl wissend, wer und was sie sind.

Kurz ist besessen von Nachrichtenkontrolle und scheint enormes Vertrauen in seine Fähigkeit zu haben, sich über Nacht in der Öffentlichkeit neu zu erfinden. Dieser Artikel der Financial Times vom Januar 2019 zeigt, dass es ihm gelungen ist, ein Gleichgewicht zu wahren, indem er pro-europäischen Konservativen und rechtsextremen Xenophoben nachgab.
Doch seine Regierung stürzte in der letzten Woche spektakulär ab. Und nun posiert er als Retter des Landes aus dem Schlamassel, das er selbst geschaffen hat, indem er die FPÖ in die Regierung aufnimmt und nicht in der Lage war, ihr Handeln zu kontrollieren, nicht einmal, um sie an seiner bevorzugten öffentlichen Botschaft zu festhalten.

Das ist für ihn eine neue Herausforderung. Er hat auf dem einwanderungsfeindlichen Pferd in Zusammenarbeit mit der FPÖ ins Kanzleramt geritten. Doch Kurz selbst führt nicht gut bei nicht-inszenierten Auftritten vor Publikum oder der Presse aus. In dieser letzte Woche ging er wieder in den Wahlkampfmodus und tat so, als könne er sich mitten in seiner eigenen Katastrophe sofort neu erfinden. Er hat sich nach seinen öffentlichen Auftritten in dieser Woche geweigert, Fragen aus der Presse zu nehmen, und gab ein Pressegespräch nur einem freundlichen Reporter der deutschen Boulevardzeitung Bild-Zeitung . [Korrektur: 23.05.2019: Kurz nahm nach seiner Ankündigung am Mittwochnachmittag Fragen aus der Presse 22.05.2019] Aber er hat nicht überzeugend behaupten können, dass er seine Verantwortung als Regierungschef ernst nimmt oder sich wirklich um seine Auswirkungen auf das Land sorgt.

Dieser Podcast aus Falter mit Armin Thurnher, Florian Klenk, Nina Horaczek und Josef Redl spricht darüber, wie Kurz sich wieder einmal als unversehrt von der Vergangenheit, einem Mann der politischen Unbefleckten Empfängnis, präsentieren will.Der türkis-blaue Absturz 21.05.2019:


Kurz darf nicht mehr viel Kanzler sein. Aber gerade jetzt setzt er sich dafür ein, bei den Wahlen im September eine neue Amtszeit zu gewinnen. Diese Analyse von Natascha Strobl auf der SPÖ-Website Kontrast.at, Die 6 rhetorischen Tricks von Sebastian Kurz in Zeiten der Krise 21.05.2019 spricht über seine sechs Grundaussagen in seiner jüngsten Neuerfindung der letzten Tage. Dies sind ihre Zusammenfassungen der sechs Botschaften, die sie aus seinen Präsentationen nimmt:
  • Ich konnte es nicht voraussehen und bin erschüttert
  • Der Bundespräsident und ich übernehmen Verantwortung
  • Die FPÖ hat das gute und gelungene Projekt zerstört
  • Die Sozialdemokratie ist genauso schlimm wie die FPÖ
  • Tal Silberstein statt FPÖ!
  • Nur mit mir wird es gut
Zum dritten Punkt: Tal Silberstein ist ein israelischer Politikberater, der 2017 für die SPÖ gearbeitet hat. Sowohl die FPÖ als auch Kurz haben ohne jeden Beweis vorgeschlagen, dass er es gewesen sein könnte, der den Lockvogelaktion auf Ibiza ins Leben gerufen hat, die Kurz in der vergangenen Woche mit dem Sturz seiner Regierung zu Fall gebracht hat. Ja, beide sind dorthin gegangen: Es musse eine Verschwörung sein, an der jemand mit einem jüdisch klingenden Namen beteiligt ist. (Siehe: Rabinovici: Kurz’ „Spiel“ mit Antisemitismus ORF 20.05.2019)

Strobl betont, dass Kurz ' Äußerungen auf eine anhaltende Bereitschaft hinweisen, mit der FPÖ eine Regierung zu bilden, vielleicht sogar eine Vorliebe dafür :
Das negative Gegensatzpaar zur FPÖ ist immer die Sozialdemokratie. Kurz lässt in keinem seiner Statements ein Hinhauen auf die SPÖ aus. Diese sei „nicht Willens“ ihn zu unterstützen und damit Verantwortung zu übernehmen. In Wahrheit bastle diese sogar an einem Linksruck in Europa, der ja eigentlich fast noch schlimmer als ein Rechtsruck sei.

Das Projekt Schwarz-Blau ist für Kurz keineswegs gescheitert oder in der Zukunft undenkbar. Er stößt sich an einzelnen Personen in der FPÖ und ihrem „Stil“, wie er betont. Er stößt sich nicht grundsätzlich am Agieren der FPÖ in Regierungsverantwortung.

Will Sebastian Kurz be able to remain as Austrian Chancellor for another week? [Updated 05/23/2019]

Following Austria's political crisis is a news junkie's dream, especially since Austria has strong enough democratic institutions that even a historically dramatic government crisis does not involve fighting in the streets or competing militia groups, as there were in the 1920s and 1930s.

As of this point, the far-right FPÖ has withdrawn its support from the government of Chancellor Sebastian Kurz (ÖVP). Kurz with the permission of the President and head of state Alexander Van der Bellen, fired Interior Minister Herbert Kickl (FPÖ). It's the first time since the current post-1945 Austrian Second Republic that a Cabinet Minister has actually been fired, as opposed to submitting a resignation.

All the remaining FPÖ Ministers resigned Monday evening. The only exception is the Foreign Minister Karin Kneissl, who is considered "close to" the FPÖ, although not technically a member, and she was recommended by the FPÖ leadership. Kurz' 2017 coalition agreement with the FPÖ involved giving them the Interior Ministry (internal security), Defense, Justice, and Foreign Affairs. Van der Bellen balked at allowing all three of the security agencies to the FPÖ and so Justice went to the ÖVP.

It's not clear why Kneissel stayed. It may be that she just didn't want to give up the post. Or that the FPÖ wanted her to stay even though they wanted all the FPÖ members to leave. Kneissel is most famous for inviting Vladimir Putin to her wedding last year and literally bowing down on her knee before him.



Van der Bellen on Wednesday accepted four "experts" proposed by Kurz to fill the vacated positions. (Karl Ettinger et al, Die Neuen - ein Wink in Richtung SPÖ Wiener Zeitung 22.05.2019)

But it's very possible that Kurz himself will be removed from the Chancellorship through a no-confidence vote in Parliament. That would mean Van der Bellen could appoint a new Chancellor for the interim period before election in September and immediately thereafter, while a new government is being formed. This is not a frequent occurrence in parliamentary democracies but not an unusual one, either. But it would be the first time in Austria's Second Republic. The new Chancellor would have to be an Austrian citizen but does not have to be a Member of Parliament.

Kurz has been the shooting star of Austrian politics. During the immigration crisis of 2015-16, Kurz as Foreign Minister postured as Austria's savior from the scary foreigners and Angela Merkel. It was a sham performance. The influx of refugees was curbed in 2016 by Merkel's deal with Turkey, not by the "closing of the Balkan route" for which Kurz took credit. He then had the ÖVP withdraw from its coalition with the SPÖ (center-left Social Democratic Party).

In the 2017 campaign, he basically campaigned for an ÖVP/FPÖ coalition. I attended a live debate in Linz in 2017 of the three Chancellor candidates: Kurz, Strache, and then-Chancellor Christian Kern (SPÖ). It was striking that Kurz and Strache were refraining from serious criticisms of each other. It was also evident that Strache was the most experienced at comfortable with retail politics. He presented a moderate (for him) face and was clearly more comfortable with being before the public and connecting with an audience. Kurz himself was 31 at the time and when he became Chancellor in December 2017. He campaigned on xenophobia and was happy to make a coalition with the FPÖ knowing very well who and what they are.

Kurz is obsessed with message control and appears to have enormous confidence in his ability to reinvent himself overnight in the public eye. This Financial Times piece from January 2019 shows that he was successful in maintaining a balance in pandering to pro-European conservatives and far-right xenophobes.
But his government came crashing down spectacularly within the last week. And now he is posing as the country's savior from the mess he himself created by taking the FPÖ into the government and being unable to control their actions, not even to hold them to his preferred public messaging.

This is a new kind of challenge for him. He rode the anti-immigrant horse to the Chancellorship in cooperation with the FPÖ. But Kurz himself is not good at unstaged appearances before the public or the press. This week, he went back into election campaign mode and acted as though he could instantly reinvent himself in the middle of his own catastrophe. He has refused to take questions from the press after his public appearances this week, and gave a press interview only to a friendly reporter from the German tabloid Bild-Zeitung. [Update 05/23/2019: Kurz did take questions from the press after his announcement on Wednesday afternoon, 05/22/2019] But he hasn't been able to give a convincing pretence that he takes seriously his responsibility as the head of government or has real concern for its effects on the country.

This podcast (in German) from Falter featuring Armin Thurnher, Florian Klenk, Nina Horaczek und Josef Redl talks about how Kurz is trying once again to present himself as unsullied by the past, a man of political Immaculate Conception. Der türkis-blaue Absturz 21.05.2019:


Kurz may not be Chancellor much longer. But right now, he's campaigning to win a new term in the September elections. This analysis by Natascha Strobl in the SPÖ website Kontrast.at, Die 6 rhetorischen Tricks von Sebastian Kurz in Zeiten der Krise 21.05.2019 talks about his six basic messages in his latest reinvention the last few days. These are her summaries of the six messages she takes from his presentations:
(All translations from German in this post are mine.)
  • I couldn't foresee it and I am devastated
  • The President and I take responsibility
  • The FPÖ has destroyed our good and successful [govermental] project
  • The Social Democrats [SPÖ] are just as bad as the FPÖ
  • Tal Silberstein instead of FPÖ!
  • Only I can make things right
On the third point, Tal Silberstein is an Israeli political consultant who has did work for the SPÖ in 2017. Both the FPÖ and Kurz have suggested without any evidence that he may have been the was who set up the sting operation in Ibiza that wound up bringing down Kurz' government this past week. Yes, they both went there: it must be a conspiracy involving somebody with a Jewish-sounding name. (See: Rabinovici: Kurz’ „Spiel“ mit Antisemitismus ORF 20.05.2019)

Strobl stresses that Kurz' statements indicate a continued willingness to form a government with the FPÖ, maybe even a preference for it:
The negative pair of opposites with the FPÖ is always the SPÖ. Kurz does not leave a dig at the SPÖ out of any of his statements. They was "not willing" to support him and thus to take responsibility. In truth [claims Kurz], they are even tinkering with a shift to the left in Europe, which [Kurz presents as] actually almost worse than a shift to the right.

The ÖVP/FPÖ project has by no means failed, in Kurz’ telling, nor is a new version unthinkable in the future. He takes digs at individuals in the FPÖ and their "style," as he calls it. He does not make any basic pushback against the actions of the FPÖ while they had governmental responsibility.